Association between fasting glucose and branchial-ankle pulse wave velocity among hypertensive population in rural areas of Eastern China / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between fasting blood glucose and branchial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) levels among hypertensive population in rural areas of Eastern China. Methods A cross-sectional analysis were conducted among hypertensive population in Lianyungang and Anqing city from July to September 2013. Multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze the association of serum glucose and baPWV. Results A total of 3 894 hypertensive participants were included in the present study. The prevalence of normal fasting glucose (NFG), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diagnosed diabetes (DM) were 44.5%, 43.0%, and 12.5%, respectively. Each 1-mmol/L increase in fasting blood glucose levels was significantly associated with a 26.2 cm/s increase in baPWV levels (95% CI: 19.6-32.8, P<0.001). Consistently, significantly higher baPWV levels were observed in participants with IFG (β=50.4 cm/s, 95% CI: 28.4-72.3, P<0.001) and DM (β=113.4 cm/s, 95% CI: 80.2-146.5, P<0.001) when compared to those with NFG. Furthermore, a stronger positive association between fasting blood glucose and baPWV was observed in participants with systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg (β=34.3 cm/s, 95% CI: 24.5-44.2, P<0.001; vs.<140 mmHg; β=18.1 cm/s, 95% CI: 9.1-27.2, P<0.001; Pinteraction=0.027). Conclusion There was a positive association between fasting blood glucose and baPWV levels among hypertensive population in rural areas of Eastern China.

Association between uric acid and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity among hypertensive population in rural areas of Eastern China / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate the association between serum uric acid and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) levels and to examine any possible effect modifiers among hypertensive patients in rural areas of Eastern China. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Lianyungang and Anqing Cities from July to September 2013. Hypertensive patients with serum uric acid and baPWV measurements were included in this study. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the relationship between serum uric acid levels and baPWV. Results Finally, a total of 4 278 participants were included in this study. The mean age was 65.2 (standard deviation(SD):7.4) years and the mean value of baPWV levels were 1835.1 (SD: 383.4) cm/s. Regression analysis showed that there is a positive correlation between serum uric acid and baPWV levels (per SD increment, β=20.5 cm/s, 95% CI: 8.5-32.5, P=0.001. When uric acid was categorized in tertiles, a significantly higher baPWV level was found in participants in tertile 3 (≥349μmol/L)(β=51.2 cm/s, 95% CI: 23.8-78.6, P=0.001), compared with those in tertile 1(<277 μmol/L). Furthermore, the serum uric acid-baPWV association was significantly stronger in those systolic blood pressure (SBP)≥140 mm Hg (vs.<140 mm Hg; p-interaction=0.001). Conclusion There is a positive relationship between uric acid levels and baPWV among hypertensive patients, especially in those with higher SBP levels.

Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from Huperzia serrata and their metabolites' inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activities / 中国中药杂志

A total of 27 endophytic fungal strains were isolated from Huperzia serrata,which were richly distributed in the stems and leaves while less distributed in roots. The 27 strains were identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer( ITS) r DNA molecular method and one of the strains belongs to Basidiomycota phylum,and other 26 stains belong to 26 species,9 general,6 families,5 orders,3 classes of Ascomycota Phylum. The dominant strains were Colletotrichum genus,belonging to Glomerellaceae family,Glomerellales order,Sordariomycetes class,Ascomycota Phylum,with the percentage of 48. 15%. The inhibitory activities of the crude extracts of 27 endophytic fungal strains against acetylcholinesterase( ACh E) and nitric oxide( NO) production were evaluated by Ellman's method and Griess method,respectively. Crude extracts of four fungi exhibited inhibitory activities against ACh E with an IC50 value of 42. 5-62. 4 mg·L~(-1),and some fungi's crude extracts were found to inhibit nitric oxide( NO) production in lipopolysaccharide( LPS)-activated RAW264. 7 macrophage cells with an IC50 value of 2. 2-51. 3 mg·L~(-1),which indicated that these fungi had potential anti-inflammatory activities.The chemical composition of the Et OAc extract of endophytic fungus HS21 was also analyzed by LCMS-IT-TOF. Seventeen compounds including six polyketides,four diphenyl ether derivatives and seven meroterpenoids were putatively identified.

Influence of blood pressure lowering treatment on IPSS, Qmax in old and middle-aged male patients with essential hypertension / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the influence of blood pressure lowering treatment on the International Prostate Syndrome Score (IPSS) and maximum flow rate (Qmax) in old and middle-aged male patients with essential hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We enrolled 193 hypertensive male patients aged 50-75 years from the rural area of Anqing, Anhui, treated them with Amlodipine for 4 weeks, and then analyzed the correlation of their baseline blood pressure and reduced blood pressure with the changes of IPSS and Qmax.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 4 weeks of medication, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the subjects dropped by 16.8 +/- 16.7 and 8.1 +/- 7.7 mmHg respectively (P < 0.01), IPSS decreased by 2.5 +/- 5.5 points (P < 0.01) and Qmax increased by 0.2 +/- 4.7 ml/s (P = 0.46). Changes of Qmax were not significantly correlated with either the baseline or decreased blood pressure, while changes of IPSS had a significant linear correlation with the former but not with the latter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Lowering blood pressure in old and middle-aged male patients with essential hypertension can prevent or alleviate the subjective symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, and it reduces IPSS more significantly in those with higher baseline blood pressure.</p>

Amlodipine combined with terazosin reduces postvoid residual and the risk of acute urinary retention / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This prospective randomized double-blinded clinical trial was designed to explore the effects of amlodipine and the combination of amlodipine with terazosin in improving postvoid residual (PVR) in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and concomitant hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We randomly divided 360 LUTS patients with concomitant hypertension into a 5 mg amlodipine group, a 2 mg terazosin group and a 5 mg amlodipine plus 2 mg terazosin group, and measured PVR at the baseline and 4 weeks after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For male patients with LUTS associate with hypertension, all of amlodipine (APVR = 6.8) , terazosin (APVR = 7. 6), and combination group (APVR = 8.8) can significant reduced the PVR (P < . 0.1), but no significant difference was found among three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Amlodipine alone or combined with terazosin can improve the PVR of the LUTS patient effectively, but had no significant difference compared with terazosin.</p>

E112D polymorphism in the prolylcarboxypeptidase gene is associated with blood pressure response to benazepril in Chinese hypertensive patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Marked interindividual variation exists in blood pressure response to benazepril, which is considered to have genetic basis. Our objectives were to evaluate whether the E112D polymorphism in the prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) gene has impact on blood pressure response to benazepril.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hypertensive patients from Huoqiu County and Yuexi County of Anhui Province received daily treatment with an oral dosage of 10 mg benazepril for 15 days. Genotypes of the E112D polymorphism in the PRCP gene were determined by TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Multivariate linear and Logistic regressions using generalized estimating equation model were performed in a total of 1092 patients to evaluate the association of PRCP genotypes and blood pressure response to benazepril.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients carrying ED or DD genotype had a less systolic blood pressure reduction (adjusted beta = -3.7 + or - 1.1, P < 0.001), a less diastolic blood pressure reduction (adjusted beta = -3.1 + or - 0.8, P < 0.001) and a lower percentage of reaching target blood pressure defined as SBP lower than 140 mmHg and DBP lower than 90 mmHg (adjusted OR = 0.6, P = 0.005) than those patients carrying EE genotype. In addition, the results from stratified analysis by county (Huoqiu or Yuexi) were similar to those observed in the pooled population.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our data suggest that the E112D polymorphism in the PRCP gene may be a useful genetic marker to predict the antihypertensive effect of short-term benazepril treatment in hypertensive patients of Anhui Province, China.</p>

Effect of astragalus polysaccharides on the proliferation and ultrastructure of dog bone marrow stem cells induced into osteoblasts in vitro / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the growth and osteogenic property of cultured dog bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) by investigating the effects of astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on the proliferation and ultrastructure of BMSCs into osteoblasts in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BMSCs osteogenic property was detected by improved Wright-Giemsa, Gomori and alizarin dyeing method. The proliferation and differentiation of the induced BMSCs with APS in different concentration and time were detected by MTT assay and the morphologic change of the induced BMSCs was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BMSCs osteogenic property was detected with Wright-Giemsa deep-bluing, Gomori method blacking and with more mineral nodules alizarin dyeing method carmining. APS with concentration of 0.005 mg/mL can promote the proliferation of the induced BMSCs in short-term culture (1th, 3th day) and 50 mg/mL can decrease the effect through long-term culture (5th day). Observed by TEM (5th day), the number of mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum increased and the extracellular matrix was excreted more in the induced BMSCs by APS with concentration of 0.005 mg/mL. However, not only the number of mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum reduced but also the structure was swollen, degenerative, membrance damaged in the induced BMSCs by APS with concentration of 50 mg/mL.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>APS with lower concentration in short-term culture may promote BMSCs proliferation and differentiation.</p>

Association between the beta 2 adrenergic receptor polymorphism and blood pressure in YueXi population / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between Arg16Gly polymorphism of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene and blood pressure levels.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 487 hypertensive individuals were recruited from YueXi county of Anhui province. 672 patients' parents and siblings were also invited to take part in the study and used as genomic control. Blood pressure was measured and a standardized questionnaire regarding social-economic characteristics, general health status, occupational history and life-style and dietary factors was administered for each participant. The ADRB2 Arg16Gly polymorphism was genotyped by using a PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) method. The association between the ADRB2 polymorphism and hypertension in hypertensive adults was determined by utilizing a family-based association test analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In this study population, carriers of the ADRB2 Arg16 allele had lower systolic (P < 0.01) and diastolic (P < 0.01) blood pressure, suggesting that the genetic effect on blood pressure was more likely to fit an additive model.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results suggest a probable association between Arg16Gly polymorphism of ADRB2 gene and hypertension.</p>

Study on the association of PPP1R3 gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes in Han population of Anhui province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association of muscle-specific glycogen-targeting regulatory subunit of the glucogen-bound protein phosphatase 1 (PPP1R3) gene codon 905 Asp/Tyr polymorphism with type 2 diabetes in Chinese Han population in Hefei region of Anhui province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PPP1R3 gene Asp905Tyr polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction and appropriate restriction enzyme (PCR-RFLP) in 262 type 2 diabetic cases and 104 normal controls. Case and control groups were divided into subgroups by body mass index (BMI) 25 kg/m2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When PPP1R3 gene Asp905Tyr polymorphism was not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. When subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2 and Tyr/Tyr genotypes were used as reference. Subjects with Asp905 and BMI > or = 25 kg/m2 had a 3.69-fold increase of risk suffering from type 2 diabetes (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.38-8.89, P=0.006).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PPP1R3 gene Asp905Tyr polymorphism did not seem to play a critical role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han population of Chinese in Anhui province but interaction between the Asp905 and BMI cause the increase of risk of type 2 diabetes.</p>

Study on association of PPP1R3 gene 5 bp deletion/insertion within 3'-untranslated region polymorphism with type 2 diabetes / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine whether the muscle-specific glycogen-targeting regulatory subunit of the glucogen bound protein phosphatase 1 (PPP1R3) gene 5 bp deletion/insertion(D/I) within 3'-untranslated region ( 3'-UTR) polymorphism is associated with type 2 diabetes in Chinese Han population in Hefei region of Anhui province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PPP1R3 gene 3'-UTR 5 bp D/I polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 268 patients with type 2 diabetes and 106 normal controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The distributions of the frequency of three genotypes and two alleles of the PPP1R3 gene 5 bp D/I polymorphism showed no significant difference between the type 2 diabetic cases and the normal controls. (2) In both the cases and controls, there was no significant difference in age at onset, duration of disease, blood glucose, blood lipid profile, blood pressure, insulin sensitive index, body mass index, and waist hip ratio between the three genotypic groups(P 0.05). (3) The PPP1R3 gene 3'-UTR polymorphism in Chinese Han population in Hefei region of Anhui province was found to be similar to that in both Japanese population and Canadian population, and to be different from that in Piman Indians and the Caucasians in Sweden.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The PPP1R3 gene 5 bp D/I within 3'-UTR polymorphism taking on genetic variation among the different races of mankind may not play a critical role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese Hans of Hefei region in Anhui province.</p>

The association between paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme 4 gene haplotype and diastolic blood pressure / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>In a previously identified locus linked to hypertension on chromosome 15q, we identified three blood pressure candidate genes: insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor gene (IGF1R), myocyte specific enhancer factor 2A gene (MEF2A), and paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme 4 gene (PACE4). In this study, we tested their associations with hypertension using haplotype analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 288 unrelated individuals, including 163 high diastolic blood pressure (DBP) subjects and 125 normal DBP subjects were enrolled in this case-control study. Twenty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the three genes were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion. Haplotype analysis was accomplished in the following stages: (1) pair-wise linkage disequilibrium test among SNPs on the same gene was performed to explore blocks in which recombination is very unlikely to happen; (2) Estimation-Maximization algorithm was applied to estimate haplotype frequencies in each block; (3) the chi-square test was used to examine the specific haplotype difference, and a permutation test was used to examine the overall haplotype profile difference between cases and controls in each block.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>An estimated haplotype "CCCCG" frequency in the haplotype block on the PACE4 gene was significantly higher in high DBP cases than in controls (P < 0.01). The overall estimated haplotype profile in this block was also significantly different between the cases and the controls (P < 0.001). This association indicates.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This study for the first time demonstrated that PACE4 gene may play an important role in the regulation of DBP. This association indicates that variations influencing DBP resides in or near this genomic region.</p>